Tech Stuff - IPv. Classes, Subnets, Netmasks, CIDR and NAT< warning> To understand this stuff you need to be be comfortable with decimal, hexadecimal and binary notation. If you don't like this stuff stick to origami or try this memory jogger - Binary, Decimal and Hexadecimal< /warning> Most of this note is concerned with IP addresses used in version 4 of the IP protocol which uses a 3. IP address, such as, 1. This type of address is almost universally written as IPv. ![]() Endian Firewall And Usb Nic PortSee also IPv. 4 headers, TCP, UDP and IPv. ICMP messages for the insatiably curious. IPv. 4 is being progessively replaced with IPv. IP protocol) which uses a 1. Internet. While the immediate pressure for new IP addresses was hugely reduced in the mid- late 9. CIDR, NAT and other initiatives, the increasingly dire warnings from the Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) of IPv. IPv. 6 deployment. Indeed, it is no exaggeration to say that a rising tide of panic is being fostered in an effort to increase the pace of IPv. Further, the adoption of IPv. Contents. Bit numbering. Bit numbering can be very confusing with various standard bodies adopting different conventions. The following are all valid, and used, bit numbering conventions for describing an 8 bit byte (an octet). Memory contents. 00. Bit numbering conventions. Left to right base 0 (IETF)0. Left to right base 1. Right to left base 1 (ITU)8. Power of 2. 76. 54. Always check what convention is used on any specification. ![]() Welcome Guest. You can now login using Microsoft, Google, Twitter, or Facebook. Login for no ads and start a conversation! C++ Tutorial: Sockets, Server & Client example, Internet Address Conversion, Network byte order, internet daemon, xinetd, inetd, network sniffing, tcpdump, wget, raw. R-STUDIO Data Recovery Software supports file recovery over a network, RAID recovery, hard drive unformat and Linux recovery. Endian Firewall And Usb Nic AdapterWe have bowed to the inevitable and this document uses the Left to right base 0 (IETF) standard since, because of the Internet, it is widely used and, hopefully, equally widely understood. The IETF's rationale for this standard is that it also represents unambiguously what is called network order, that is, bit 0 goes onto a network first, bit 1 second and so on. Bits also tend to come off the network in the same order they went on. Use of network order is necessary since the internal (machine) representation of data can vary enormously (all that big- endian, little- endian nonsense) but when data is stuffed onto a network it must be in a consistent order that can be used by any system, irrespective of its internal representation, that wants to use the data. Our own preference is for Power of 2 notation - but that's another story.. Once Upon a Time - IPv. An IP v. 4 address is a 3. ![]() Intro: Raspberry Pi Firewall and Intrusion Detection System. Maybe you think "Why should I protect my pivate network? I've got no critical information on my computer. The Endian firewall offers a range of products—from a free community edition to hardware appliances for various workloads. The Endian UTM Mini 25—a nice deal at. It's a bit tough to remember numbers of this size so the conventional way of writing an IP address is in . In a CIDR world it is determined exclusively by the Net. Mask. Port Numbers. You will occasionally see IPv. The : (colon) indicates the number following is a Port Number - in the above case 3. This format is typically only used where a service is available on a non- standard port number, for instance, many web configuration systems, such as Samba swat, will use a non- standard port to avoid clashing with the standard web (HTTP) port number of 8. A port number is 1. In most systems privileged or well- known ports lie in the range 0 - 1. IP Address Classes. Before the advent of Classless Inter- Domain Routing (CIDR) the world was a complex place and we had four classes of IPv. A, B, C and D (there is nominally a class E but for all practical purposes it was not used). The IP address Class is defined by the setting of the TOP 4 bits of the IP address (bits 0 - 3 in the IETF notation). The IP Class provides the separation between the host and the network part of the IP address as defined below: Class. Example. Bits 0 - 3. Network Bits. Host Bits. Netmask. A1. 0. 0. B1. 72. 1. 6. 0. 0. C1. 92. 1. 68. 2. D2. 24. 0. 0. 0. 11. Notes: x = don't care. Class D addresses are used for Multi- casting protocols exclusively, for example, OSPF, IGMP etc. Class A, B and C are routed IPs (but may be PUBLIC or PRIVATE - see NAT)The term Netmask above refers to the standard mask for the address class. We will see later that with CIDR different netmasks may be used with any IP Class. Netmask and Subnetmask. Historically the term Netmask was used to describe any mask that extracted on a Class boundary and Subnetmask described a netmask that extracted less than a Class boundary. Since the advent of CIDR the term subnetmask is rarely used. A Netmask simply refers to a way of separating the Network Address and the Host Address parts of the IP address. It consists of the number of contiguous bits reflecting the size of the Network part of the address and was typically written in normal dotted- decimal notation, for example, 2. IP- Prefix - notation) and is used in Routing Tables with Bitwise AND operations. Routing of IPs. The process of routing an IP address in the internet uses routing tables defined in each host (PC, Router or other device). A standard routing table will look something like this: Network address. Netmaskmetricnext hop. Notes. 19. 2. 1. 68. Local network - send using ARP table. Local loopback/Localhost. Default Gateway. A routing process using the above table is deceptively simple and may be expressed as follows: For each entry in the routing table. BITWISE AND the destination IP address with the Netmask. In the above table only two entries satisfy this last test 1. IPv. 4 address for any host or PC) which is known to all systems and the default gateway. If result does NOT MATCH move to next routing table entry and repeat from step 1. Notes: The default gateway entry is the magic. Every IP address when BITWISE ANDed with 0. IP address that we test against this table. For obvious reasons the default gateway must be the last entry in the routing table! The metric is nominally a way of tie breaking when we get multiple 'hits' in the same table but is rarely used. PCs routing table from a command prompt. Bitwise ANDThe term BITWISE AND simply means ANDing of two equal length entities to create a third (result) entity, bitwise indicates this is done on a bit- by- bit basis. Thus, starting from bit 1 in both entities if the first entity AND the second entity bit are 1 then a 1 is placed in the corresponding bit of the result. In all other cases a 0 is placed in the result. The process is repeated for each bit until all the bits in the entities have been AND'd. The following illustrates bitwise ANDing using the first entry in our routing table above. Example 1: destination IP 1. AND the destination IP address and the entry Net. Mask and compare it with the Network Address): Decimal. Binary. Notes. 19. Destination IP2. 55. Netmask. 19. 2. 1. Result: 1 in every position where there is 1 in Target AND netmask. MATCHES our Network address (1. MATCHES the NEXT HOP address so must be local (we typically would use ARP or some other local protocol to send the data).(Try it in the Bitwise AND Calculator.)Example 2 destination IP 1. NOT local: Decimal. Binary. Notes. 17. Destination IP2. 55. Netmask. 17. 2. 1. Result: 1 in every position where there is 1 in Target AND netmask. Does NOT match our local network address (1. We try again with the next routing table entry. Any IP Address when ANDed with 0. MATCH the default gateway network address but will not MATCH the next hop address so we send it (again typically using ARP) to that address. The gateway then uses its routing table to figure out what to do next, and so on until the packet reaches its destination. The Bitwise AND Calculator lets you experiment with an set of IP addresses and shows the results in both binary and dotted decimal format. Subnets. Subnets are simply an administrative convenience and provide a method of splitting the host part of the address into smaller pieces by changing the value of the Class Netmask. When this is done the Netmask is usually called a Subnetmask. In general we have two rules for Net/Subnetmasks: If there is a 1 in the Net/Subnetmask it is part of the Network address, if there is a zero it is part of the host address. IETF standards now insist on contiguous bits in Net/Subnetmasks. Examples of Subnetmasks (extracts less than the Class boundary - has more contiguous bits that the Class boundary netmask) include: Class. Netmask. No. This is why the subnetmasks 2. Net/subnetmasks today are more commonly written using the slash - IP- Prefix - notation such as 1. This notation, which combines the network address and net/subnetmask into a single entity. Network and Broadcast Addresses. Every network created by a Net/Subnetmask is defined by the standards to have two special (unuseable by normal hosts or PCs) IP addresses as follows: A host address part of all 0s is the network address for the network/subnetwork. A host address part of all 1s is the broadcast address for the network/subnetwork. The following table illustrates this: Network Address. Netmask. No. This process typically uses a process that is confusingly called multicasting and hosts use specially assigned IPv. Class D addresses - each IPv. Class D address is assigned by IANA to a protocol or class of devices. Thus is is possible for a host to send the address 2. RIP2 routing protocol. The following are examples of Multicast addresses and their associated protocol or characteristics: Multicast Address. Protocol/Characteristics. All routers of this subnet. All routers that support the OSPF protocol. All hosts that support the IGMP protocol. Microsoft and MSNBC - multicast transmissions. Notes: Addresses in the range 2. In the above example Microsoft/MSNBC could use any of their Multicast addresses to create a specific conference (or transmission) using multicasting techniques and even run multiple concurrent conferences using any/all of the 6. CIDR and NATAs part of the moves to free up and maximise utilization of the available stock of IPv. IETF took a number of steps of which the most significant were: Classless Inter- Domain Routing (CIDR) which essentially removed the IP address Class boundaries. Allocation of Private Addresses (defined in RFC 1. Network Address Translation (NAT) - allowing conversion from Private to Public when passing through a NAT gateway. Express 3. 1 is the current stable release of the open source GPL network firewall. Like Express 3. 0, two architectures are available; one for Intel. Firewall/Router Linux. Zeroshell is a Linux distribution for servers and embedded devices aimed at providing the main network services a LAN requires. It is available in the form of Live CD or Compact Flash image and you can configure and administer it using your web browser. The main features of this Linux distribution for Network Appliances are listed below. Load Balancing and Failover of multiple Internet connections. UMTS/HSDPA connections by using 3. G modems. RADIUS server for providing secure authentication and automatic management of the encryption keys to the Wireless 8. EAP- TLS, EAP- TTLS and PEAP form or the less secure authentication of the client MAC Address; WPA with TKIP and WPA2 with CCMP (8. RADIUS server may also, depending on the username, group or MAC Address of the supplicant, allow the access on a preset 8. Q VLAN. Captive Portal to support the web login on wireless and wired networks. Zeroshell acts as gateway for the networks on which the Captive Portal is active and on which the IP addresses (usually belonging to private subnets) are dynamically assigned by the DHCP. A client that accesses this private network must authenticate itself through a web browser using Kerberos 5 username and password before the Zeroshell's firewall allows it to access the public LAN. The Captive Portal gateways are often used to provide authenticated Internet access in the Hot. Spots in alternative to the 8. X authentication protocol too complicated to configure for the users. Zeroshell implements the functionality of Captive Portal in native way, without using other specific software as No. Cat or Chillispot. Qo. S (Quality of Service) management and traffic shaping to control traffic over a congested network. You will be able to guarantee the minimum bandwidth, limit the max bandwidth and assign a priority to a traffic class (useful in latency- sensitive network applications like Vo. IP). The previous tuning can be applied on Ethernet Interfaces, VPNs, bridges and VPN bondings. It is possible to classify the traffic by using the Layer 7 filters that allow the Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) which can be useful to shape Vo. IP and P2. P applications. HTTP Proxy server which is able to block the web pages containing virus. This feature is implemented using the Clam. AV antivirus and HAVP proxy server. The proxy server works in transparent proxy mode, in which, you don't need to configure the web browsers of the users to use it, but the http requests will be automatically redirected to the proxy. Wireless Access Point mode with Multiple SSID and VLAN support by using Wi. Fi network cards based on the Atheros chipsets. In other words, a Zeroshell box with one of such Wi. Fi cards could become a IEEE 8. Access Point providing reliable authentication and dynamic keys exchange by 8. X and WPA protocols. Of course, the authentication takes place using EAP- TLS and PEAP over the integrated RADIUS server. Host- to- lan VPN with L2. TP/IPsec in which L2. TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) authenticated with Kerberos v. IPsec authenticated with IKE that uses X. Lan- to- lan VPN with encapsulation of Ethernet datagrams in SSL/TLS tunnel, with support for 8. Q VLAN and configurable in bonding for load balancing (band increase) or fault tolerance (reliability increase). Router with static and dynamic routes (RIPv. MD5 or plain text authentication and Split Horizon and Poisoned Reverse algorithms). Spanning Tree protocol to avoid loops even in the presence of redundant paths. Q Virtual LAN (tagged VLAN). Firewall Packet Filter and Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) with filters applicable in both routing and bridging on all type of interfaces including VPN and VLAN. It is possible to reject or shape P2. P File Sharing traffic by using IPP2. P iptables module in the Firewall and Qo. S Classifier. NAT to use private class LAN addresses hidden on the WAN with public addresses. TCP/UDP port forwarding (PAT) to create Virtual Servers. This means that real server cluster will be seen with only one IP address (the IP of the virtual server) and each request will be distributed with Round Robin algorithm to the real servers. Multizone DNS server with automatic management of the Reverse Resolution in- addr. Multi subnet DHCP server with the possibility to fix IP depending on client's MAC address. PPPo. E client for connection to the WAN via ADSL, DSL and cable lines (requires a suitable MODEM). Dynamic DNS client used to easily reach the host on WAN even when the IP is dynamic. NTP (Network Time Protocol) client and server for keeping host clocks synchronized. Syslog server for receiving and cataloging the system logs produced by the remote hosts including Unix systems, routers, switches, WI- FI access points, network printers and others compatible with the syslog protocol. Kerberos 5 authentication using an integrated KDC and cross- authentication between realms. LDAP, NIS and RADIUS authorization. X5. 09 certification authority for issuing and managing electronic certificates. Unix and Windows Active Directory interoperability using LDAP and Kerberos 5 cross realm authentication. Obviously, the database, containing all the data and settings, can be stored on ATA, SATA, SCSI and USB disks. Any security Bug Fixes can be downloaded from the automatic update system via Internet and installed in the database. These patches will be automatically removed from the database by subsequent releases of the Zeroshell Live CD already containing the updates. The Compact Flash image has 4. MB available to store the configuration and data.
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PC Video Games . The first shooting game, Spacewar!.. Even Balance, Inc. ![]() Minimalne Zalecane; Microsoft Windows; System operacyjny: Windows Vista (Service Pack 2 z aktualizacj I apologize for now checking this earlier. Got caught up in Fallout 4. ![]() The biggest totally free game fix & trainer library online for PC Games Battlefield 3 Game! File Size:8.89GB System Requirements! Windows Xp,7,Vista,8 Ram: 2 GB Video Memory: 512 MB HDD: 20 GB Cpu: 2.2 GHz Duel Core Street Legal Racing. It is important to note that the items on this list are cryptographic modules. A module may either be an embedded component of a product or application, or a complete. Battlefield 4 is een first-person shooter, ontwikkeld door DICE en uitgegeven door Electronic Arts. Het spel kwam op 29 oktober 2013 uit voor Microsoft Windows. An attacker can send a malformed packet to anyone running the IDirectPlay4 API for Microsoft DirectPlay and cause it to crash. Worried if your favorite game is supported by Windows 10? Here's the list of all Windows 10 compatible games and the unsupported ones too. I currently have Windows 10 installed on my laptop and I decided to install some old game from 2007 but during the instalation process the game installer asks me to. Nintendo DS Emulator For Windows 1. ![]() Download DeSmuME Nintendo DS Emulator for Windows and play your. Emulator: DeSmuME: User. Console: Nintendo DS: Platform: Windows Home Page: http. DeSmuME Manual for the Windows port. The desmume windows port is also able to. Nintendo DS Emulator. For Windows users: in main menu. Don’t worry anymore, here’s the perfect present : a new DeSmuME release! DeSmuME is the first Nintendo DS emulator able to run some commercial games at a playable level. DeSmuME is a Nintendo DS emulator that allows you to. Download Nintendo DS/NDS Emulators for Windows. There are 7 Windows emulators available. Translate To. DeSmuME 0.9.11. Author: DeSmuME. Nintendo DS: Windows: 4.3. De. Smu. ME Manual for the Windows port. From De. Smu. MENOTE: This refers to the 0. You can do this by going to 'File' in the menu, and selecting 'Open Rom'. This will open up an explorer window, within which you can browse to the rom (nds file) that you wish to play. Once the game has finished loading (and this should only take a few seconds at most), your game will automatically start running. But if you want, you can also compile from source. See the article Installing De. Smu. ME from source on Windows for details. A game is typically called a rom file. Just use the explorer window to browse to the file, and click on open. The game should just load and start. The desmume windows port is also able to load some compressed formats, like zip, rar, and 7z. Just as long as there is a valid game (rom) file in the compressed archive ending with an . Desmume Windows 10You can quickly access a game that way, without having browse to the right directory with the 'Open Rom' option. This should not concern the casual gamer, but may come in handy for developers. Imagine you have gotten to a certian point in a game, and you need to do something else. The emulator let's you save the current state of the game, so that you can continue the game later at precisely the same point somewhere in the future. Instead use SAVE FILES. These are likely to survive between emulator versions. This means that you will have to use save points within the game. ![]() SAVE FILES are stored in . Once you have saved a game's position, or 'state', you can load it again with this option. Also, All the states saved via this option end up with a pre- determined name of 'game (rom) name'. So if the game is called My. Game, the first savefile will be called My. Game. ds. 0, the second one My. Game. ds. 1, etc. It is stored on the cart in a normal game. Desmume uses the . People use pro action replays to capture duc files from their card and post it online without using emulators. These are frequently found on gamefaqs. See the faq for details on how to use this function, where it has been documented better. It will write a 'raw' sav file or a no$gba savefile. This lets you take a screenshot of the current view of the emulator, and specify it's name to save as a bitmap (. The name will be based on the name of the rom and somehow sequentially numbered, and placed in the directory specified in the Path Settings. In contrast to the other option, this records, as faithfully as possible, the exact emulated audio output (which is not necessarily what you hear), although it will use the interpolation you have specified in the sound config. Reference the FAQ for more information on lua in emulators. Selecting it again will resume the execution of the ROM at the exact moment where you paused it. Sequenced music and sound effects will continue to play, and when you enter a new area in the game or someone else speaks, the sounds will play again. Use this to Shut Up an annoying sound. It has the following choices . NONE, Compact Flash, Rumble Pack, GBA Game, Guitar Grip. Rumble pack allows some games to use vibration. Memory extension.. Extends memory, as introduced by the NDS Opera browser. And some DS games can have bonuses, unlockable by GBA cart. For example in Megaman ZX you can fight some Megaman Zero Bosses when correct cartridge is inserted. This is also commonly used by pokemon players for finding some pokemons from older GBA games. There are some GBA slot extensions which are not yet emulated by desmume. Compact Flash is is used for homebrew software emulation, for example that uses DLDI (Dynamically Linked Device Interface). As usual, see the FAQ for more up- to- date information on that. Be aware though, that cheats are sort of half baked right now. If you are not having luck, wait for some news on an improved cheat system. Also, it is impossible yet to use . They are called 'raw' or 'internal' cheats. There's an excellent article in the wiki on Using Cheats in De. Smu. Me . In post- 0. Action Replay cheat codes. Please refer to the article Using Cheats in De. Smu. Me for further details on how to use the cheat mechanism in desmume. Please refer to the article Using Cheats in De. Smu. Me for further details on how to use the cheat mechanism in desmume. Vertical and Horizontal will choose to stack them in the specified manner (vertical being traditional and default and horizontal being wide- screen). One LCD shows just one screen- -whichever one is . This option will help you track the action and discard the useless status screen in many games. Please note that these last two options may not work well in the case of dual screen 3d games, as the screens are always toggling around. Some programs require that you normally turn the DS on its side. You can set it up in that manner using this. The options are 0 (no rotation), 9. The resize options are: 1x, 1. Valid choices are: None (which is the default), narrow border (which is slightly larger), DS (which is about the same amount of room there is on a real Nintendo DS). Savvy users may discover that they can edit this in the ini file to be any color they want. Sometimes when the window size is changed it doesn't look correct on the screen. This option forces the window to maintain a correct aspect ratio so it looks correct. This way you can tell how long you have been playing the game. It is also useful for timestamping emulation events (for example, you can tell if you made it out of a level faster than last time). View . It also displays an additional '3. D' counter, which tells how frequently the game is updating its 3d graphics. But unlike the fps counter, the 3d counter has nothing to do with the power of your system. If it is low, then the game is running slow on a retail cart, and so it runs slow in an emulator. The last number in parentheses is the arm. CPU is working. This has nothing to do with the power of your system either. Note that if the input displayed is green, that means the emulator recognized it but did not send it to the game (this will happen if you are not running a game yet, for example). The default is 'automatic'. However, this is not fail- safe in all cases, so you might need to manually select one of the other savetypes. You may also need to set this before importing a savefile from some other source, as they do not always contain sufficient information to guess the correct size. You can choose between Open. GL (hardware accelerated) or Soft. Rasterizer (desmume's custom- crafted software renderer). Note that however hardware accelerated it may be, oftentimes Soft. Rasterizer will run faster. The joystick support is implemented using a Direct. Input control interface. You may accidentally (or on purpose!) be glitching games by sending input they did not expect if you enable this option. Most casual users can emulate the hardware better by leaving this unchecked. Some examples are a hotkey for 'pause', or a hotkey for loading a specific savestate. Gives clear sound in most cases but can cause streamed sounds to be garbled sometimes. Sync: always generates the same amount of sound, and uses one of the three available methods to compensate for too low or too high framerates. This mode shouldn't make streamed sounds garbled. Sync method 'N': created by Nitsuja. Basically stretches the sound. Sounds like No$GBA (without the crackling). Sync method 'Z': created by Zeromus. Stretches the sound to compensate for slowdowns, and resamples it to compensate for too high framerates. That resampling causes latency and can behave weird sometimes. Sync method 'P': taken from SPU2- X, an SPU2 plugin for PCSX2. Stretches the sound intelligently, giving clear sound in most cases, but also latency. The sound core setting allows you to choose between the Direct. X sound core and the dummy one which produces no sound. The WAV write core has been removed since the new . However, if your sound isn't clear even at 6. The interpolation setting allows you to choose between three interpolation methods: None: Fast, but may sound bad. Linear: typical, sounds good Cosine: maybe slower than linear, but doesn't sound much better. Note that the DS has no interpolation method. While sometimes interpolation can make a noticeable improvement, it can also be unnoticeable or distort some sounds. The ADPCM caching has been removed. It was needed due to a bug in ADPCM decoding which has been fixed. If you are still using 0. Therefore, you may find this option missing, or simply 'greyed- out' for now. Even if you can fiddle with it, it won't do anything useful. The most important here is the language, because multi- lingual games will often look at how this option is set. Occasionally, however, a game may require them in order to work. The first will attempt to use the windows default recording device (it is up to you to make your microphone take this role) and feed its input to the emulator. This works, but not perfectly, and it suffers from some unresolved conceptual issues, similar in nature to the emulator audio synchronization problem. The remainder of the options are triggered when using the mic hotkey. It has even been tested with bangai- o spirits level loading. This must be an 8bit mono pcm wav file. Some people like everything in one directory and some people like using 5. With this disabled, a fast computer may run the game doubly or triply fast. It is generally safe to choose 1 or 2 if you don't mind a slightly choppier game, in order to get a speedup. 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Everyone has their own opinion and I dont think all of these posts are updated frequently. It’s been a while I have posted here. If you have been following me on my twitter then you should know what I have been up to. First, here are few things you should know- I have made several changes to this blog. Recently, some of my blogs were hacked. It was funny how the index file had an image of a smurf showing the middle finger with a text saying “where’s your security?” I was glad the hacker left his email address so I could thank him for mocking the security of my blogs and so, I did. The amazing part- This guy didn’t even touch the database; he didn’t even inject any shit virus. I felt it was weird but after checking out each files, I found they were all clean. I was so involved in other projects that I didn’t pay much attention to security which is actually the most important thing here. If this dude didn’t breach my security, I wouldn’t have known it was vulnerable and hence wouldn’t have bothered to take action. Whatever it is, I have sent him a “Thank You” Note . I will have a video tutorial created for this later this month but for now, check this out. Some basic tweaks can help protect all your hard earned content. Step by step guide to getting Google's verified authorship for your WordPress blog with rel="author" and google+. Buy hosting for your blog. Setting up a WordPress blog on Bluehost is very easy. First, we will talk about the costs of blogging: To receive the cheapest price to. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Check out the following tips to prevent wordpress hack. Backup. This is the first step and the most important. Before you plan on making any changes, make sure you backup your entire DB. You can do this manually or use an available plugin. I recommend backup buddy which backs up your entire wordpress blog. Unlike free plugins which only backup your database, backup buddy exports your entire database with images, files and whatever you have in your blog’s content folder- Pretty sweeet! Update Word. Press Version. Second crucial step after backing up your blog is to update it to the latest version. You should always make sure that your blog’s version is up to date. Word. Press team creates patches to help fix security holes. Follow wordpress feed to find out about the latest updates or you could simply login to your admin. I would also recommend that you follow Word. Press Development and Blog. Security as they will inform you whenever a new patch/fix is released. Change your Login/Password. The default wordpress login is “admin” and most hackers know that. We should change this to something else that would be difficult to guess. Something like “rogers. The best thing to do is delete the default admin and create a new custom login. I suggest that you use strong passwords which include upper/lower keys, numbers and symbols. Something like “rock. STAR1. 9!@” or “Anabel. Most hackers try to brute force the password so if your password is really strong as I mentioned earlier, you should be fine. Do not use birth days, names, pet names or hobbies as passwords. People who are close to you know a little more about you; you don’t want any wild guesses . Word. Press Keys in wp- config. I didn’t know much about wordpress keys but it is another important security measure. These keys work as salts for Word. Press cookies thus, ensuring better encryption of user data. Use the Word. Press Key Generator to generate these keys. Now open up your wp- config. Install WP Security Scan. This plugin is the real deal. It’s simple and automates stuff. It will scan your wordpress blog for vulnerabilities and inform you if it finds any malicious codes etc. If the texts are in green in the admin panel then you should be good. However, they will not just be green; sometimes you have to make them : ). And I will tell you how. Change Table Prefix. The default table prefix for wordpress is wp. I know that, you know it and I am sure the hacker does too. SQL Injection attacks are easier with the default table prefix because it is easier to guess. A good prefix would be “mashjg. Changing your database table prefix is highly recommended and you can do this in two ways. The manual way requires some work and is not suitable for newbie; here’s when WP Security Scan Plugin makes your work much easier. It has a tab called “Database”. Once you are in it, you have the option to rename your entire table prefix to something that is tough to guess. Do this and you will be a step closer to strengthening your blog’s security. DB Password: How strong is your database password? Both your wordpress login password and database password should be strong. Include upper/lower keys, numbers and symbols. Prevent Word. Press Hack by Blocking Search Engine Spiders from Indexing the Admin Section. Search engine spiders crawl over your entire blog and index every content unless they are told not to do so. We do not want to index the admin section as it contains all the sensitive information. The easiest way to prevent the crawlers from indexing the admin directory, is to create a robots. Then place the following code in the file: #User- agent: *Disallow: /cgi- bin. Disallow: /wp- admin. Disallow: /wp- includes. Disallow: /wp- content/plugins/Disallow: /wp- content/cache/Disallow: /wp- content/themes/Disallow: */trackback/Disallow: */feed/Disallow: /*/feed/rss/$Disallow: /category/*8. This is not an exact tip that falls under the list but you should know about . I am not going to get in depth for this term but I found out some sweet . See them below. 9. Protect your . htaccess. After tweaking your . The hack below prevents external access to any file with . Simply place the code in your domain’s root . STRONG HTACCESS PROTECTION< /code> < Files ~ . No Directory Browsing. Its not a good idea to allow your visitors to browse through your entire directory. This is an easy way to find out about directory structures and this makes it easier for hackers to lookout for security holes. In order to stop this, simply add the piece of 2 lines in your . Word. Press blog.# disable directory browsing. Options All - Indexes. Secure wp- config. Wp- config. php is important because it contains all the sensitive data and configuration of your blog and therefore we must secure it through . Simply adding the code below to the . Order deny,allow. Deny from all< /files> The code denies access to the wp- config. Limit Access to the Wp- Content Directory. Wp- content contains everything. This is a very important folder and you should secure it. You don’t want users to browse and get access to unwanted/other data. Users should be only able to view and access certain file types like images (jpg, gif, png), Javascript, css and XML. Place the code below in the . Order deny,allow. Deny from all< Files ~ “.(xml. Protect Word. Press Admin Files. Wp- admin should be accessed only by you and your fellow bloggers (if any). However, if you run a multiple user blog then either you can opt out from this or you can allow access from a range of IPs. You can refer to Apache’s documentation on mod. I am planning to write a detailed . I will include all of these. Prevent script injection. I found this code on wprecipes and it works like a charm. Now you can protect your Word. Press blog from script injection, and unwanted modification of . Wp Security scan shows this in a nice way. Browse the specific files on your root using your favorite ftp client and Chmod the files if required. Last but not the least; you can install Word. Press Firewall 2 which actually protects your blog from malicious hackers. It blocks the attempts of the hacker and notifies you when abused. Only the negative point of this plug- in is, it sometimes even blocks our action. This can really get annoying and I do not really recommend this plug- in unless you have SUPER Hackers and bots screwing up your blog. Stick with the . htaccess hacks since they do the job pretty well and your blog should be just fine. Word. Press Security. Best Ways to Improve Word. Press Security. How to Stop Your Word. Press Blog Getting Hacked. Verdict. Prevention is better than cure. I cannot personally guarantee that your blog will not get hacked after implementing the methods I have mentioned but, I am sure the chances of getting attacked will be very less. How secure is your wordpress blog? If you have a tip or a piece of code you would like to contribute then use the comment box. I bet after reading this post, you will know how to prevent wordpress hack to some great extent. Best Word. Press Plugins: Essentials for Every Blog. When you start a blog (or even when you’ve been blogging for awhile!), there are a sea of options for making your blog do things. Word. Press plugins, like apps for your blog, are what we use. Whether you want your blog to be found by search engines or to make your content more shareable, the best Word. Press plugins have these three things in common: They do what they say they do, and they’re easy to use. They’re lightweight – meaning they don’t take up lots of resources on your servers and slow down your website. They “play nice” with other plugins. Wordfence (free+)My favorite basic security plugin, Wordfence adds an extra layer of protection by locking out people who try to hack their way into your website, even blocking IP addresses of bots trying to access your site. You can customize email alerts to be sent to you if anything suspicious is going on, and they offer a premium version that gives you access to support if you need it. Anti- spam (free)This Word. Press plugin does just what it says: it’s anti- spam, stopping regular spam comments in their tracks. And it does this without using captcha, asking questions, or annoying your readers. Simple Trackback Validation with Topsy Blocker (free)Well this one’s a mouthful. Basically, there are two types of spam: regular comment spam and trackback spam. The Simple Trackback Validation plugin stops the second type of spam, basically by verifying that sites trying to send you trackbacks are real websites run by real people. At one point before I was running this plugin, I was getting over 3,0. WP Optimize (free)WP- Optimize keeps your blog running smoothly by optimizing your database tables, getting rid of old post revisions, and cleaning unapproved comments and other things you’ve thrown in the trash. It helps your site run faster by not letting extra data build up and sit on your site. Vault. Press ($5/month)I cannot stress to you enough the importance of having backups of your blog located securely off- site. Even if you’re using a premium hosting provider like WPEngine, who keeps daily backups of your entire site with tons of extra layers of protection, there is always the remotest outside possibility that a real, live person could accidentally mess something up and lose your data. I used to recommend Backup. Buddy but found it too unpredictable – sometimes it worked, sometimes it didn’t – and for a non- tech person, it could be difficult to set up and extremely confusing to actually use a backup to restore your site. For my own site and others I maintain, I now use Vault. Press, from the same people who make Word. Press itself. For a tiny fee, I get daily off- site backups of my site – and if my site is ever hacked (or if I mess something up!) it’s literally two clicks to restore my entire site to a previous state. Best Word. Press Plugins // Traffic Generation & Social Sharing. These plugins are essential for getting more traffic to your site – both from SEO and readers organically sharing your posts. Word. Press SEO – “Yoast” (free)Hands down, Word. Press SEO is the industry standard for SEO plugins. You can use the tools in this plugin as you’re creating your posts to guide you to make good wording choices and get the maximum leverage from keywords that will help you get found by Google. While there are plenty of features in Word. Press SEO that help your blog’s rankings, many bloggers wrongly assume that just because they “have a plugin,” that’s all they need to do. Wrong. But luckily, Yoast has teamed up with the good folks at WP1. SEO impact. Those videos alone are worth the cost of a month’s access to WP1. Google XML Sitemaps (free)It’s true that Yoast’s plugin generates a sitemap for you – that thing Google reads to help it index your site better – but Google XML Sitemaps makes it easier. You activate the plugin, go to the settings and grab the URL the plugin uses for your sitemap, and paste it into Google Webmaster Tools. Easy as pie, and I’ve never had it go wrong. Google Analytics Dashboard (free)Sure, you can open up Google Analytics every time you want to look at your stats, but if you’re just after some basic information like page views and which posts are getting the most visits, Google Analytics Dashboard puts those stats right inside your Word. Press dashboard. It’s certainly not necessary, but definitely convenient. Frizzly (free)social share buttons appear when a reader hovers over the image. Definitely a great social sharing plugin for your images, Frizzly places a Pinterest, Facebook, and Twitter “share” button over your images when a reader hovers, encouraging more social sharing of your content. If you’re a Twitter user, you can put your Twitter handle in the settings so you’re automatically tagged when someone shares your post via the plugin, and the blogger (rejoice!) can choose where the Pin Description comes from when a user pins – whether it’s the post’s title, the image title, or the Alt text. Here at the Blog Maven, I use a premium Pinterest plugin called Pin Button Attraction, which shows your share countsright on the image. This encourages more people to pin your images – you can take a look at my post on the best Pinterest plugins for Word. Press for a more complete review. Genesis Simple Share (free, Genesis users only)If you want beautiful, minimalist social sharing buttons and are using a Genesis theme, you’re in luck! Brian Gardner has released a lightweight plugin just for Genesis users called Genesis Simple Share. Just visit his site and sign up for free access. Another perk of being part of the fabulous Genesis community! And for bonus points, you can use the CSS code Brian gives on his site to customize the colors of the buttons to match your blog’s design. Simple Share Buttons Adder (free)If your blog isn’t powered by Genesis, there are still some other decent options available for social sharing plugins. My favorite is the Simple Share Buttons Adder. It gives you the usual options of which social networks to show, but you can also upload your own custom buttons to match your Word. Press theme! I use this plugin frequently in my web design work, and it’s a nice finishing touch. These plugins add that extra personal touch for growing your readership. Comment Reply Notification (free)There’s nothing like hanging around a blog waiting for the blogger to respond to your comment, is there? Did you know that most people you reply to never even know you took the time to reply? With Comment Reply Notification, you can set up email delivery to notify your reader when you’ve responded to their comment. They’ll be surprised to hear from you – and chances are, they’ll leave comments again! One quick note here: this plugin hasn’t been updated in over two years, but I still use it here on the Blog Maven, and it still works like a charm. Comment Redirect (free)The very first time a new reader comments on your blog, you have a golden opportunity to introduce yourself and welcome them to your community. Comment Redirect lets you do this automatically. If you want to see this in action, take a look at the brilliance over at Outspoken Media’s Thanks for Commenting page, where they welcome you to their tribe AND promote the value of subscribing to their blog – all in one fell swoop. Genius. 1. 3. Optin. Monster (premium)There’s a reason people use pop- ups on their site to encourage subscriptions – it’s because they work. But all pop- ups aren’t created equal. Optin. Monster is a finely- tuned marketing machine that gives you total control over your opt- in process. Instead of flashing a pop- up in front of your reader the moment she gets to your site, Optin. Monster lets you delay your pop- up until she’s settled into reading your amazing posts (and clearly will want more!). If you want more email subscribers and are just not finding success without a pop- up, this plugin is for you. Comment. Luv (free+)If you want to encourage more comments on your blog, one way is to reward your readers for leaving comments. The free version of Comment. Luv does just that: it lists your commenter’s last post alongside her comments, rewarding her with a link back to her blog. The premium version of this plugin (which I use here) has lots of extra options, including analytics so you can see where your own comment traffic is coming from, plus the ability to reward your readers with extra links based on the number of comments they’ve left. This encourages readers to comment not just once, but on many posts on your blog. Gravity Forms (premium)You have lots of options when it comes to forms on your site, but Gravity Forms is by far my favorite. It has a simple drag- and- drop interface to let you build not just a contact form, but surveys, polls, quizzes, order forms so visitors can order products straight from your site! Gravity Forms was the first- ever premium plugin I bought, and I’m still using it regularly five years later. Did I miss anything? What do you consider to be the best of the best in Word. Press plugins? Got any favorites? Leave me a comment (or question!) below and I may just add it to the post. And if you’re always on the lookout for the very best Word. Press plugins, be sure to pin this post on Pinterest so you can come back and check for my updated recommendations. More Posts from the How to Start a Blog Series: How to Start a Blog – the first steps, from buying hosting to installing Word. Press. How to Configure Word. Press in 5 Simple Steps. Best Word. Press Plugins: 1. 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